Benjamin



(No Model.)

B. SGARLES.

LANTERN. No. 336,596. Patented Feb. 23, 1886. I

JnF-enZ'or.

Fain/ass as;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN SOARLES, OF CLINTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND CHARLES SWINSCOE, OF SAME PLACE.

LANTERN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,596, dated February 23, 1886.

Application filed December 26, 1885. Serial No. 15 6559. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN SOARLES, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, resid ing at Clinton, in the county of \Vorcester,

5 State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lanterns, of which the following is a description sufliciently full, clear, and exact to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which said invention appertains to make and use the same, reference bei ng had to the accompanying draw ings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a lantern em- I 5 bodying my improvement; Fig. 2, an enlarged vertical section of the head; Fig. 3, an enlarged horizontal section taken on line a: m in Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 an irregular horizontal sec tion taken on the dotted line y y in Fig. 1.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different'figures of the drawings.

My invention relates more especially to that class of lanterns which are portable and pro- 2 5 vided with means for preventing the lamp from being accidentally extinguished; and it consists in a novel construction and arrangement of the parts, as hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed, the object being to pro- 0 duce a more effective and otherwise desirable article of this character than is now in. ordinary use.

It is well known that in the use of an ordinary portable lantern the lamp is very liable 33 to be extinguished, both while at rest and being carried, by gusts of wind blowing down the chimney or into the top of the lantern. The lamp is also liable to be extinguished by suddenly raising or swinging the lantern,

0 these movements causing a current of air to enter it from the top. My invention is designed to obviate this objection, and to that end I make use of means the nature and operation of which will be readily understood by all conversant with such matters by the following explanation.

In the drawings, 0 represents the body of the lantern; P, the lamp; Q, the guard; R, the base; S, the top; T, the yoke, and W the bail or handle. The base R and top S are circular in form, preferably composed of metal, and

I respectively adapted to fit or receive the lower and upper ends of the body 0, with which they are detachably connected.

The body of the lantern. shown is circular 5 5 in form, and composed of glass; but it may be in any other suitable shape and composed of sheet metal or other materials, a suitable opening being of course provided for the emission of light when the body is not made of glass, said opening being glazed or not, as desired. A ring, M, encircles the top of the body 0, said ring being supported by a series of vertically-arranged rods, 22, disposed at regular intervals around said body, the lower ends of 6 said rods being rigidly connected with the base R, and their upper ends with said ring. Two auxiliary rings, 23, supported in the rods 22, also encircle the body 0 between the top S and base R, the rods 22 and rings 23 M constituting the guard Q for protecting the body from breakage or injury. The top S is oval or dish-shaped in form, and provided at its periphery with a downwardly-projecting annular flange, 2a, which fits into the ring M, for keeping said top in position on the body 0.

The lamp P is of the ordinary form and construct-ion, and is secured in the base R by spring-catches, (not shown,) in the usual man ner.

The mechanism or device by which the lamp is prevented from being extinguished by down ward currents of air consists, principally, of the chimney A, head B, cap D, and guard N. The chimney is preferably cylindrical in form, and may be of any required length, according to the size of the lantern, its lower end being inserted in a hole in the center of the top S and its upper in the head B. The head consists in part of a petticoat, 0, attached at f to 0 the chimney A, and provided with four holes or openings, m, preferably arranged at regular intervals and opening upwardly, adjoining said chimney. Resting on the upper portion of said petticoat and flaring outwardly there is 9 5 an annular guard, E, also forming a part of the head B, said guard being provided with four holes or openings, (1, which are arranged to register with the holes m in the petticoat, the size or diameter of said guard at its top and said petticoat at its bottom corresponding. The cover of the head consists of a detachable cylindrical case, H, which is open at the top and bottom, and adapted to be passed 011 over the petticoat C and guard E, said case having a conical top, 9, the bottom of which rests on the top of the guard E, when the cover is in position for use. There are four large holes or openings, u, through the sides of the case H, these openings being so disposed or arranged as to register or stand opposite the holes m in the petticoat C and holes at in the guard E, as best seen in Fig. 1, each of the holes 1; extending downwardly somewhat lower than the bottoms ofthe holes m and upwardly as high ornearly as high asthetops of the holes (I. A vertically-arranged triangular partition or wall, J, is disposed within the case H, between each pair of the holes (I, said partitions being attached by their inner edges to the outer sides or walls of the petticoat O and guard E, but not connected to the case H, the object of said partitions being to prevent a current of air after it enters either of the holes 11 from passing laterally around the outer sides of the petticoat O and guard E, and to direct it through the hole d into the top of the case H. Four small triangular holes, 2, are formed in the lower edge of the petticoat 0, one immediatel y below each of the holes 0. The cap D is shaped like the frusturn of a hollow cone, being open at the top and bottom, and is supported on the standards K, to which it is attached, the lower ends of said standards being secured to the top 9. The upper ends of the standards K are bent inwardly, as shown at t, and mounted thereon is an auxiliary cap or guard, N. This guard is conoidal in form and less in diameter than the diameter of the cap D at the point where the guard is disposed, but greater in diameter than the open ing in the top of said cap, thus leaving an annular draft-space around it, as shown at b in Fig. 2. A cross-brace, i, is disposed in the top of the chimney A, opposite the partitions 'J, to strengthen said chimney.

Projecting downwardly from the ring M there are two cars, 25, to which the lower ends of the yoke T are respectively pivoted by thejournal-pins 26; but the ears may be omitted and the yokejointed to the ring in any other suitable manner. A vertically-arranged thumbscrew, 27, passes through the top of the yoke T, its lower end resting in a depression, 28, in the top of the auxiliary cap N, and by turning the screw down forcibly onto said cap a strain is exerted on the yoke T, thereby securing the top S on the body 0, and keeping the chimney A and head B in proper position. The bail WV is pivoted or jointed at 29 to the yoke T, but may be pivoted to the ring M, or some other part of the lantern, if desired.

My improi'ed lantern is designed to work on the vacuum principle, the currents of air which enter the head 13 or attempt to pass down into the chimney A through the cap D, tending to produce a vacuum above said chimney in the top 9, and thereby increasing instead of diminishing the draft. For instance, when a current of air enters the head B through one of the holes 1) from any point, either above, below, or to the right or left of said hole, said current will strike the petticoat 0, guard E, and partition J, at either side of the hole d, and be directed through said hole against the chimney A, thence passing upwardly between said chimney and the guard E, and out of the lantern through the open top 9 of the casing H, the force of said upward current as it passes the top of the chimneyA tending tocreate a vacuum at that point and thereby causing the air within the chimney and body 0 to be drawn upwardly to fill said vacuum, or creating a draft upwardly through the lantern in a manner which will be readily obvious without a more explicit description. A current of air entering beneath the petticoat 0 will also pass upwardly through the holes in and d, by the side of the chimney A, and create an upward draft within said chimney and body 0, in substantially the same manner as the currents which enter the holes 1). A current of air moving horizontally, or nearly so, and striking the inclined or conical top gof the case B,will he deflected upwardly and tend to produce a vacuum within said top, thus causing a draft within the chimney A and body 0, while a downward current enterirg the top of the cap D will strike the guard N and be deflected in such a manner as to pass outwardly over the top 9, and produce a vacuum within said top, and also produce an upward draft in the chimney A and body 0.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that when a current of air moving in any direction strikes the head of the lantern the ordinary upward draft within the chimney A will be increased, instead of diminished or reversed.

The holes z are to permit the escape of the dust, dirt, cinders, 850., which may enter the holes 1) and lodge in the chambers between the partitions J. They also subserve the purpose of draft-fines, to aid in the proper action of the lantern, but may be omitted, if desired.

The case H may be permanently attached to the petticoat G and guard E, if desired, and instead of being attached to, the chimney A, said guard and petticoat maybe permanently secured to the case H, proper means being employed to keep the head in position.

The braces i may be omitted, if desired, and the standards K substituted by any suitable means or device for supporting the cap D and guard N.

Any desired number of openings or holes 1) may be made in the case H, a corresponding number of holes, m d, being of course made in the petticoat G and guard E. It will be obvious that the lower edge of the case H should stand a sufficient distance above the top S to permit the air to pass freely between said case and top. By turning the screw 27 out the yoke T may be swung to one side on the pivots 26, and the head 13 and top S re moved from the body 0, thereby leaving said body free to be removed from the base It for cleaning,or to substitute a new body when one is broken. top S into the body 0, and may be permanently or detacliabl y connected with said top, as preferred.

In the lantern described the top S and body 0 form parts of the inclosure for the lamp proper; but instead of the top S, any other suitable cover for the body may be employed, and instead of a glass body, 0, any suitable body maybe substituted,as hereinbefore stated; The guard Q may also be wholly or partially omitted by making the changes that such an omission would necessitate.

It will be understood that by inclosure for the lamp such an inclosure is meant as will properly cover and protect the flame or lighted wick and not necessarily the entire lamp.

I do not confine myself to the use of the chimney A, head B, cap D, and guard N with any special form or construction of lantern, as these parts (being the parts shown in'Figs. 2, 3, and 4) are adapted for use with nearly any lantern, whether portable or stationary.

The parts shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are also adapted for use with ordinary hand-lamps, when properly arranged and supported in connection therewith; but as I propose to make such a lamp the subject-matter of other Let- The chimney A opens through the ters Patent the same is not claimed, broadly,

herein.

Having thus explained my invention,what I claim is-- 1. In a lantern, a lamp and a suitable inclosure for the lamp, in combination with the chimney A, petticoat 0, provided with the holes m, guard E, provided with the holes d, case H, provided with the holes v,and conical top g, partitions J, cap D, guard N, and standards K, substantially as described.

2. In a lantern, the chimney A, head B, cap I), and guard N, in combination with the body 0, a suitable top for said body, the lamp P, and means for looking or holding the same together or keeping the parts in proper position for use, substantially as described.

3. In a lantern, a lamp, and a suitable inclosure for the lamp, in combination with the base R, top S, chimney A, head B, cap D, and guard N, substantially as described.

4. In a lantern, the top. S, chimney A, head B, cap D, guard N, body 0, base R, lamp P, yoke T, ring M, rods 22, and screw 27, combined and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

BENJAMIN soARLEs.

Vitnesses:

LoUIs G. BEG-K, JOHN D. lVIISSROON. 

